AIR-CONDITIONING CONTROL OPTIMIZATION FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION

Abstract

One of the challenges facing the world is the need to feed the ever-growing population. Agricultural engineers are working towards development of the right infrastructure that will enhance food production and processing. Smart green houses are being worked on and we look forward to the implementation of such ideas, we also have to think of what else needs to be put in place if at all we have to achieve their efficacy that we so desire. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems are part of the support systems that will come in demand as we purpose to actualize majority of the ideas. Whether in the green houses or in the processing firms, AC units are required to maintain the optimal space conditions for efficiency in operation. Technology is playing a key role in digitization of these systems with sensors and microcontrollers being used extensively. Energy conservation remains the main focus of scientists and engineers working on these systems. In line with working towards developing energy efficient systems for use in offices, research was carried out to optimize the control of air conditioners for energy conservation purposes. The research was geared towards having an air conditioner that is efficient in terms of energy consumption and in its operation putting into consideration the working environment of food processing firms and the long working ours. Temperature, proximity and passive infrared detectors have been used as smart sensors. The system was designed such that when room occupants’ approach a room, the system is activated and rapidly cools down or warms up within a predetermined time depending on the size of the room. As long as there is an occupant in the room, the system quickly settles into the set conditions. When there is no one in the room, the system needs not be working and therefore switches off. This ensures that the system only works when needed hence helps in energy conservation thus reducing bills paid by home owners and companies. The designed prototype is able to detect room occupancy, responds perfectly to temperature changes as well as human presence in the field of view of the PIR with an overall performance efficiency of 55.95% which is a good start towards actual implementation of an energy efficient A.C. system.